We were being taught on how to answer questions which ask to explain the change of state of matter. There are three points that we have to explain. The first is the arrangement of particles, the second is the movement of particles and lastly, we have to state if there is a loss or gain in energy. At this point, we have to assume that the atmospheric pressure is being kept constant and that only temperature causes matter to change its states.
Melting: When solid changes into liquid, also known as melting, the particles gain energy and vibrate more vigorously in their fixed positions. They break free from one another and move about randomly when they have enough energy and reached the melting point. They are no longer held in fixed positions but are still close to one another.
Freezing: Particles of liquid lose energy and move about more slowly when a liquid is cooled. The particles will then get closer to one another when they lose more and more energy. They will then become close enough to allow the forces of attraction to make them return to their fixed positions. This change is called freezing whereby a liquid is turned into a solid.
Boiling: Particles in liquid gain energy and vibrate and move about more vigorously when a liquid is heated. The particles will then break free from one another when they have enough energy and reached the boiling point. They will then become randomly arranged, very far apart and moving about at great speeds. Liquid has changed into gas and is known as boiling.
Condensation: The particles in gas lose energy and move about less vigorously at a lower speed when a gas is cooled. The particles will then lose more and more energy and move slower as the temperature falls. They will then become close enough to be attracted to one another and the gas has turned into a liquid. This change of state is known as condensation.
(Changes of States)
Sources: Google Images
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